Vocabulary

• English Word Derivation
  1. an ardent lover
  2. an ordinal number
  3. a cautious advance
  4. an ultimate goal
  5. a capital city

Idūs Martiae

Quintus, ubi multitudinem hominum vidit pro theatro Pompei stantem, cognoscere cupit causam tanti conventūs(gathering). itaque per turbam ad prīmum ordinem sē insinuāvit(wormed his way). unde(form where) omnia videre poterat. plurimi senatores aliīque(and other) virī īnsignēs(distinguished) theatrum inibant. deinde Quintus vidit Gaium Iulium Caesarem cum magistratibus intrantem. togam purpuream(purple) gerebat et in capite corōnam lauream(a laurel crown). omnes senatores surrexerunt Caesaremque salūtāvērunt.

dum sedet, multi senatores eum circumstant. deinde senator quidam eum aliquid(something) rogat et togam eius manibus tenet(held with his hands). eō ipsō tempore alter senatorum eum pugiōne(with a dagger) ferit(pierce); tertius brācchium(his arm) vulnerat(wounded). Caesar surgere temptavit, sed coniūrātī(the conspirators) eum undique(from all sides) oppugnabant.

inter alios Caesar Brūtum vidit amicum suum intimum(closest) in sē currentem; 'et tū, Brūte?' inquit. tum(then) caput toga obvolvit(wrapped) et decidit ad terram, tribus et vīginti(3+20) vulneribus cōnfossus(pierced).

coniurati Caesarem reliquerunt in terra iacentem ante statuam Pompēiī. ē theatro ērūpērunt(burst out) et populō clamaverunt: 'mortuus est tyrannus; populum Romanum līberāvimus(we freed).' sed omnes taciti stabant, re dira obstupefactī(dumfounded).

Quintus se vertit et domum cucurrit. ubi domum advenit, patrem vocavit. Flaccus eum anxius audivit omnia narrantem. paulisper(for a little) tacuit(remained silent). tandem 'quid iam futūrum(going to happen) est?' inquit; 'rēspūblica in magno periculo est. sine dubio tumultūs(riot) vidēbimus(we shall see). tū, Quinte, cavēre(be aware) dēbēs.'

quinto die post mortem Caesaris, ubi Quintus ad forum advenit, ingentem turbam vidit totum forum complentem(filling). non poterat pervenīre ad viam quae ad scholam Hēliodōrī ferēbat(striked). itaque in ultima parte forī manebat gradūsque(step) templi ascendit, unde omnia videre poterat.

Word-building con-: together or strengthens the meaning of the uncompounded verb

• iaciō->coniciō : I throw->I hurl
• concurrō
• conclāmo
• cōnficiō
• commoveō
• convocō
• compōnō
• conveniō
• conferō

per-: through or gives the notion of completeness

• percurrō
• perrumpō:
• faciō->perficiō :I do->I carry through, complete
• suādeō->persuādeo: I persuade->I completely persuade
• veniō->perveniō: I come->I reach
• perfacilis: extremely easy
• perdūrus: extremely hard

dī/dis-: in different directions

• dīmittō: I send in different directions, I dismiss
• dispōnō: I put in different places, I arrange
• diffugiō: I flee in different directions, scatter
• discurrō: I run in different directions, run about

circum-: around

• circumveniō: I surround
• circumvolō: I fly around
• circumeō: I go around
• circumdūcō: I lead around

Caesaris fūnus

Quintus in gradibus templi stans magnam pompam conspexit in forum procedentem. magistratus feretrum(bier) ferebant, in quo iacebat corpus(body) Caesaris. in medium forum processerunt feretrumque pro rostis deposuerunt. Marcus Antonius, Caesaris amicus, rōstra(the Rostra) ascendit et orationem ad populum habuit. Caesarem laudavit, coniuratos vehementer(violently) accusavit, populum ad furōrem(madness) excitavit.

ubi Antonius orationem confecit descenditque de rostris, homines ubique clamabant et furēbant. duo homines, qui prope rostra stabant, gladiis armati facēsque(torches) manibus tenentes, ad feretrum accesserunt. feretrum facibus accenderunt. alii accurrērunt et virgulta(brushwood) in flammas iecerunt; alii subsellia(benches) rapuērunt(snatched) et imposuerunt. mox ingens pyra(pyre) ardēbat et corpus Caesaris flammis cremātum(burnt) erat. deinde manūs(bands) hominum ē forō cucurrerunt coniuratos quaerentium, certī(resolved) mortem Caesaris vindicāre(to avenge)

• iacta ālea est! 'The die is cast!' crossing the Rubicon
• vēnī, vīdī, vīcī 'I came, I saw, I conquered' Pontus campaign in Asa

Grammar

Present participle

Participles are verbal adjectives; they decline like ingēns. As adjectives they always agree with a noun or pronoun in case, gender and number.

Exercises

26.1 Participles

1. Quintus ad ludum festinans forum transibat. Quintus passed by forum while rushing to school
2. subito aliquem vidit ad se currentem. suddenly he saw someone running towards him
3. Quintus Marco occurrit ad circum procedenti. Quintus met Marcus proceeding to the circle
4. plurimos homines spectabant ad circum contenientes. He saw many men coming together to the circle
5. Quintus Marcusque circum intrantes per turbam se trūsērunt. Quintus and Marcus entered circle, through the crowd pushing them.
6. plurimos spectatores vidimus prope theatrum Pompeii stantes We saw many spectators standing in front of theater Pompei
7. Quintus coniuratos vidit Caesarem oppugnantes. Quintus saw conspirators killing Caesar
8. coniurati Caesarem mortuum reliquerunt in terra iacentem. Conspirators left dead Caesar lying on the ground.
9. turba hominum per vias discurrebat magna voce clamantium. great crowd of men ran away through streets shouting loud voices.
10. Quintus patri occurrit domum festinanti. Quintus met dad while hurrying home.

26.2 Translation

• Horatia ad matrem accessit in horto quiescentem. Horatia approached her mother (while she was/who was) resting in the garden
• mihi haec roganti pater nihil respondit. To me asking this my father replied nothing. (When I asked this my father made no reply.)

1. Horatia ab agro sola rediens iuveni occurrit qui eam salutavit. Horatia met a young man while returning from farm alone, who salutes her.
2. iuvenis Horatiae non notus erat; illa igitur festinavit eique accedenti nihil respondit. A young man was not noticeable by Horatia; so she hurried and approached him without responding.
3. eo ipso tempore Horatia amicum vidit ad coloniam redeuntem. there that time she saw a friend returning to the farm.
4. ille Horatiae succurrit eamque domum ambulantem dēdūxit. He helped Horatia and excorted her walking home.
5. Horatia, ubi domum advenit, omnia matri narravit in casa sedenti. Horatia, when arrived home, told everything to mother who was sitting at home.

26.3 Conjugation

1. pueri in schola sederī diligenter laborabant
2. sed Quintus magistrum de poeta vetere dicerum non audiebat.
3. Orbilius eum vidit aliquid in tabula scribem
4. magister eum vultu severo īnspiciens rogavit: 'quid facis, Quinte?'
5. ille magistrō haec rogārō respondit: 'nihil facio, magister. te audio.'
6. sed magister Quinto haec dico non credidit.
7. Quintus magistratus vidit theatrum Pompeii intrāres.
8. Caesarem sederem multi senatores circumstabant.
9. Caesar Brūtum vidit in se currurēns. while running towards him, Caesar saw Brutus.
10. Brūtō in se currerō Caesar dixit: 'et tū, Brūte?' with Brutus running towards him, Caesar said.