Vocabulary

verbs

absum, abesse, āfui 

+ abl. to run away from

discō, discere, didicī to learn fleō, flēre, flēvī to weep ineō, inīre, iniī to enter, begin trānseō, trānsīre, trānsiī to cross studeō, studēre, studuī + dat. to study valēre iubeō I bid goodbye to vendō, vendere, vendidī to sell cōnspiciō, cōnspicere, cōnspexīto catch sight of

adjectives longus, -a, -um long longē far

nouns lacrima, -ae f. tear silva, -ae f. forest annus, -ī m. year ignis, ignis m. fire iter, itineris n. journey tempus, temporis n.time vēr, vēris n. spring diēs, diēī m. day

adverbs adhūc still am so

preposition sine + abl. without

English derivatives

• absent adj. being away; from, away + to be
• annual adj. occurring once every year
• itinerary n. planned journey
• silvan adj. associated with woods
• igneous adj. having solidified from lava or magma (fire)
• studious adj. spending a lot of time studying

Word-building

• abeō, abīre, abiī I go away
• adeō, adīre, adiī I go to, approach
• exeō, exīre, exiī I go out, exit
• ineō, inīre, iniī I go into, begin
• pereō, perīre, periī I perish, go through, completely, pass away
• prōdeō, prōdīre, prōdiī I go forward, proceed
• redeō, redīre, rediī I go back, return
• trānseō, trānsīre, trānsiī I cross

Quintus domo discedit

postero(next) die Scintilla Flacco dixit: 'Quintus nihil discit in illo ludo. ingeniosus(clever) est. debet Romam ire ad optimum ludum. Flaccus 'uxor cara,' inquit, 'non potest Quintus solus iter Romam facere.' Scintilla ei respondit: 'vēra dīcis(well said), mī vir(my husband); tu debes eum Romam ducere.' Flaccus 'non satis argentī(enough of money) habemus,' inquit, 'nec possum te Horatiamque solas relinquere(leave behind).'

tres horas rem disserēbant(they discussed the matter). tandem Scintilla 'agrum' inquit 'debemus vendere(we must sell). tu Quintum Romam ducere debes; ego et Horatia possumus hic manere et frūgāliter vīvere(to live cheaply, frugally).' cōnstituērunt(decided) dīmidium(half) agrī vendere; dimidium Scintilla Horatiaque colere(till, worship) poterant. totam hiemen(winter) Quintus domī(at home) manebat parentesque iuvabat. omnes diligenter laborabant. Quintus agrum colēbat(worshipped); Flaccus partēs coāctōris agēbat(worked as an auctioneer) et sīc multum argentum comparāvit(got, made).

vēr(spring) accedebat cum(when) Flaccus uxori dixit: 'iam satis argentī(satisfactory amount of money) habemus. tempus(time) est Quintum Romam ducere.' duōbus diēbus(for two days) omnia parata erant. postero die Flaccus Quintusque Scintillam valēre iussērunt(order to be well, say goodbye).

mater flēbat(wept) deōsque(gods) ōrābat(prayed): 'o dei, servāte(help(pl.)) filium meum. reddite eum mihi incolumem(return him to me unharmed). o Flacce, filium nostrum cūrā! o Quinte, bonus puer estō! diligenter stude et mox domum redī! filium virumque(boy and a man) amplexū tenēbat(held in her embrace); deinde rediit in casam valde commōta(moved).

Horatia Argusque cum eis ad primum mīliārium(milestone) contendērunt(marched). deinde Horatia eos valere iussit Argumque domum reduxit, nōn sine(not without) multis lacrimīs(tears). tertiā hōrā diēi(third hour of day) illī, et tristes et laeti, viam iniērunt quae Romam dūcēbat( began way that takes to Rome).

quintō diē(for five days) Flaccus filiusque collem(hill) ascenderunt. venusia longe aberat. Quintus valde fessus erat. miliarium prope viam vīdit(he saw). accessit(approached) et inscriptionem legit: 'ROMA CENTUM ET QUINQUAGINTA MILIA PASSUUM(150 miles)'. 'ō pater,' inquit, 'quinque dies contendimus. montes et flumina trānsiimus(crossed) sed Roma adhūc(still) abest centum et quinquaginta milia passuum. ego valde fessus sum. ecce! nox adest. quid facere debemus? non possum longius(further) contendere.'

Flaccus respondit: 'noli desperare, fili. possumus in illa silvā(woods) pernoctāre(to spend the night).' Flaccus Quintum in silvam duxit. Quintus ligna collēgit(he collected firewood) et ignem accendit(set fire). cenam celeriter paraverunt. tum(then) Quintus sub arbore cubuit(lay down) et mox dormiebat.

Quintus paterque in periculum cadunt

Quintus tres horas iam dormīverat(had slept) cum subitō sonus eum excitāvit(arise, wakeup); lupōs(wolves) audivit procul(far off) ululantēs(howling). Flaccus 'noli timere, fili,' inquit. 'lupi longe absunt; praetereā(moreover) ignem timent. non audent(they dare) accedere.'

Quintus igitur(therefore) iterum(again) dormivit. non dormivit Flaccus sed ignem curabat, anxius enim(for) erat periculumque timebat. media nocte sonum(sound) audivit; homines per umbrās(shadows) ad ignem accedebant. Flaccus filium celeriter excitāvit(woke up); 'tacē(quiet)' inquit; 'homines huc accedunt. veni mecum.' Quinti manum cēpit(took the hand) et celeriter eum dūxit per umbrās in virgulata((n.pl.) undergrowth, bushes); ibi sē cēlāvērunt(they hid themselves) anxiique spectabant.

tres homines ad ignem accesserunt. statim impedīmenta((n.pl.)baggage Flaci rapuērunt(seized). deinde ipsōs(themselves) quaerēbant(look for) sed invenire non poterant. tandem in silvās(woods) abierunt. Flaccus filio 'noli temere, fili,' inquit; 'iam abierunt homines. sine dubiō(without doubt) illi sunt servī fugitīvī(runaway), homines scelestī(wicked). e magno periculo ēvāsimus(evaded). iam debemus hic manere in virgultīs cēlātī(hidden).

Grammar

• 3rd conjugation verbs, which have the same stem for present and perfect
  • ascend-ō, ascend-ere, ascend-ī I climb
  • contend-ō, contend-ere, contend-ī I march, hasten
  • dēfend-ō, dēfend-ere, dēfend-ī I defend
  • dēscend-ō, dēscend-ere, dēscend-ī I descend
  • incend-ō, incend-ere, incend-ī I set on fire
  • ostend-ō, ostend-ere, ostend-ī I show, point out
  • vert-ō, vert-ere, vert-ī I turn
  • cōnstitu-ō, cōnstitu-ere, cōnstitu-ī I decide
  • responde-ō, respond-ēre, respond-ī I answer(respond)
• 3rd person singular and 1st person plural have identical forms for present and perfect
  • dēfendit he defends, he defended
  • vertimus we turn, we turned

• Numerals

• vīgintī(20), trī-gintā(30), quadrā-gintā(40)
• centum(100), mīlle(1000)

• Expression of time
  • accusative case + imperfect: duration of time, saying how long an action or event lasts
  • abulative case + perfect: time when saying at what time an action or event took place, also used to express the time within which

Exercises

• 18.7 Translation

1. Tres horis Quintus manit in forum; Gaium exspectit.
2. Quartum diem constitubat domum redire; sed ubi se vertibat, Gaium conscipexit
3. Gaius festit per viam; transit forum acceditque Quintum.
4. Quintus salutebat eum inquitque 'tres horās tum manuī. cūr tam sero venisti?'
5. Gaius respondit, 'Ad viem videbam amicum, que argus eius ostendere.'
6. Ludebamus cum argum. deinde ascendimus arboris. noli iratum. tandem advenī.