Music terms (check Wikipedia for comprehensive list of all terminologies)

cédez (Fr): yield, give way

allegro—fast, lively tempo
andantino—faster than andante, slower than allegretto. Sometimes andantino is interpreted as the opposite: slower than andante
fugue, fuga, fuge, fuguette—a contrapuntal procedure (form) involving a musical subject (theme) that is successively imitated by multiple overlapping voices. There is a vast canon of rules (concepts) for creating elaborate and diverse fugues with an infinite variety of character based on fairly specific parameters. Fugues (or partial fugato) are found throughout classical music from the late Renaissance to the present.
minuet, menuet [F], Menuett [G], menuetto [I], minuetto [I]—A graceful, courtly French dance of the Baroque and Classical period with a triple meter and a moderate tempo.It was introduced at the court of Louis XIV. In classical forms such as the symphony or chamber music, the minuet evolved into the more vigorous scherzo.
moderato [I], moderamente, modéré [F], modérément [F]—moderately, at a moderate tempo, applying a touch of restraint to its related word(s), e.g. allegro moderato
pastorale, pastoral—referring to the bucolic setting of shepherds, the countryside and an idealized relationship to nature
suite—a set of instrumental pieces (movements) played together to create a larger whole. Suites tend towards collections of dances, frequently in the same key, preceded by a prelude, introduction or overture.

finale [I], final [F]—The final movement, sometimes explicitly titled thus
gavotte, gavotta—Originally a French folk dance that became a courtly dance with Louis XIV and subsequently used in Baroque suites. Moderate tempo in duple rhythm often beginning on an upbeat in a pick-up measure.
introduzione—introduction
scherzo—lively, brisk, typically in a triple meter; usually a three-part form with central, contrasting trio
serenade, serenada, serenata, sérénade [F]—in classical music after the Baroque, a suite of movements like a divertimento with similar connotations of amusement, delight and lightheartedness with an emphasis on lyricism. Earlier uses of the term evoke evening, the outdoors and an amorous tribute to another's honor, associations that seem to linger still.
tarantella [I], tarantelle [F]—Southern Italian dance in a rapid 6/8 meter named for the town of Taranto and/or the tarantula spider whose bite would provoke the frenzied dance as a response or cure
tema con variazioni, con variazioni, Tema e variazioni, theme and variations, Thema mit Variationen [G], Thème varié [F]—a common movement form featuring an initial theme followed by a series of variations on that theme, each of which adjusts any number of parameters to achieve variety, e.g. tempo, rhythm, key, instrumentation, etc.A challenge to the composers ingenuity and a delight for the listener